Puddling and heating furnace



(No Modem 2 sheets-sheet 1. T. F.. HEMMIGK.

PUDDLING AND HEATING PURNAGE.

vPammized. 001:. 11,v 1887.

j@ @jzmaz No Mode 2 smalshei T. F. HBMMICK.

PUDDLNG AND HEATING PURNAGE.

Patented Oct. 11, 1887.

Jr" ""xlf fgg? WLM Leno e a MM @JM UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS F. HEMMICK, OF READING, PENNSYLVANIA.

PUDDLING AND HEATING FURNACE.

sPEcI'FicATIoN forming part -r Letters Patent No. 371,454, dated october 11, 1887.

Application tiled Dccember 15. 1886. Serial No. 221,001.

To LZZ whom it may concern;

Be it known that 1, THOMAS F. HEMMICK, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Reading, county of Berks, State of tain defined ehangesin the construction of the bridge-wall and roof of the furnace.

The object of the improvement is to give to the puddler or heater a better control of the flame in operating the furnace, whereby the process is more rapidly completed, and to secure more comfort to the operator, as the device, properly controlled, does not throw the lame out ofthe door when the same is opened to withdraw or replenish the charge in the same, and to do away with the production of smoke in operating the same with soft coals.

The drawings herewith fully detailed show the nature of my improvement, like letters of reference indicating like parts throughout.

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation ot' a pud- (lling-furnace with myimprovenients attached. Fig. 2 represents an end elevation of the tiregrate end ofthe furnace with the blast-pipein place. Fig. 3 represents the same end elevation,with the blast-pipe removed, showing the sleeve and tuyere-box and valvein place; Fig. 4, a front elevation of the sleeve or receivingbox; Fig. 5, a top plan of the same; Fig. 6, a cross-section on the line a a of the saine. Fig. 7 represents in front elevation the tuyere-box of the gas-consumer; Fig. 8, a top plan ofthe same; Fig. 9, a crossseetion on the line b b of the same. Fig. 10 represents in plan the upper face of the tuyere-lip or regulating-valve and a section on the line c c. Fig. 11 represents in plan the under or .lower face of the tuyere-lip or regulating-valve, with a section on the line d d. Fig. 12 represents in front elevation the cap of the tuyere-box with the blast-nozzle opening in the same; Fig. 13, an end elevation of the same. Fi g. 14 represents, upon an enlarged scale and in section, the operation ot the lip or regulating-valve, show- (No model.)

ing the same opened to its maximum extent, uncovering the opening in the tuyere-nose. Fig. 15 represents the samearrangement, showing the lip or regulating-vulve closed over the tuyerenose. l

In all the drawings, A represents the girders supporting the furnace-bledA B, upon which is placed the bed C, or, in lieu of same,water chills.

D represents the neck of the furnace; E, the roof ot' the sume; F, the end wall; Gr, tirebridge wall; H, end plates; I, ash-pit doors; J, bed-plate; K, grateburs; L, stock-hole; M, working door, N, aslrpit; I, coal upon the grates.

With some exceptions, hereinafter noted, the above are the usual salient points in furnace construction, und I make no claim to the same.

My improvement consists iu the following points:

First'. 'Ierminating the ordinaryfire-bridge wall from three to four courses of fire-brick below its destined top level, and capping the same with three or four courses of tire-brick, 1, 2, and 3, each course projecting from one to onel and one-half inch or more over the plumb-line ofthe bridge-wall and ot'each other toward the combustion chamber until the proper elevation ofthe bridge-wall is attained. Preferably equivalent integral brick shapes will be used for the above purpose.

Second. In constructing the root' of the fur nace I place transversely across the same, about on a line or near to the opening for the working-door on the side next to the Iirebridge wall, three or four longitudinal courses of brick, 4, 5 and 6, so arranged as to length that each course shall successively drop from one to one and one halt' inch below the level of the roof-brioks and of each other, thus forn1- ing the greatest drop or obstruction near to the door-line, as shown in section, Fig. 1, and for this purpose preference will be given to integral brick shapes.

Third. At the combustion or re-pot end of the furnace I introduce a sleeve or open receiving-box, 7, with flanges 8 and fnlcrumpost 9, supporting the same upon and within a suitable opening, H', cut equally ou t of the two upper end plates, as shown in Fig. 3. In

the rear of said sleeve two courses of firebrick shapes, and 11, arebuilt across thefurnace,

near to the roof of the samethe course 11 in combustion chamber. t v

Fourth. A tuyere or valve box, 13, with iianges 14 and nose 15, is adaptedto slip from the outside within the projected portion. of the sleeve 7, and is provided with a lip orvalve, 16, to the nose 15 of the same, the lip or valve being pivoted to three links, 17, by ears 18, and to the sides and partition 31 ofthe tuyerenose by pivots 19 through the oppositel ends of the links. A car, 20, at the upper outer face of the'valve 16, is connected with a link, 21, and lever 22 by pivot 23 and fulcrum-pin 24 in fuleru'm-post-jaw 25. This lever 22 is extended from the fulcrum-post to the working side of the furnace in any convenient manner, and is held' in adjustment by dropping the leverl into the serrations of an ordinary quadrant-ratchet, which gives the operator complete control of the movement of valve or lip 16, and consequently of thequantity of air passing from the blast-pipe 29, connectedl by a projected nozzle, 28, of the cap 27, which is secured in a suitable manner t'o the front of the tuyere-box 13. The air passes through the nose-piece 15 and under the lip 16 out of the slot 12 of the brick-work into the fire-pot or combustionchamber of the-furnace.

The projected bricks 1, 2, andv 3 of the. rebridge wall and4, 5, and 6 of the roofmay be burned as integral blocks in suitable thick# ness for handling, and are-preferable for that purpose; but furnaces already in use maybe readilyV adapted to my improvement by using common pla-in firebrick, as shown in the sections in Fig. 1, the wedged-shaped pieces 10 and 11 being cut to the forrn shown.

To show the advantages and economy in-j sured by a practical use of my improvement, two f urnaceshaving an identical construction,

and whichprior to my improvements being introduced used weekly'- the same average quantity of coal and turned out about` Vthe same quantity of iron in equal turns, showed-1 at theend of an eight weeks trial the following result: The` output of iron, as the furnaces were Worked on turns,` was very nearly the same; but the unaltered furnace'required for one week forty-three thousand three lhundred and fifty pounds of coal, while the improved furnace did the same work with twenty-seven thousand eight hundred andl seventy poundsa saving of fifteen thousand eight hundred and. forty pounds of fuel and a gain of from thirty to fortyA minutes upon each heat. As

they had to wait for their turn', this was a loss;

but if all the furnaces in a mill were altered to correspond it would give from four to six heats additional per furnace per day of twen` ty-four hours, men upon double turn.

The operationot the device'V is as follows: The fire uponv the grate having been urged by the ash-pit blast in the usual way andthe .bowl of the furnace charged with the requisite amount of material f or a heat, the operator, with his eye at a peephole in the side Aof the furnace or through the open door, and having in his hand the end ot" lever 22, gradually draws down uponthe same, which, elevating the lip 16 of the tuyere box 13, permits the blast of air (cold or hot) confined in e blast-pipe 29 tojpass through the tuyere-box and slot 12 inxthewall, the current being so directed by said slot 12 as tol strike the firebridge wall at about the base of the projected bricks 1, 2, and 3. The current of air thus sent into the combustionchamber ignites the unburned gaseous products and creates an intense but perfectly clear fire, the dame and heat ofwhich as it rises to clear thebridgewall is caused by the projected portion of the same to roll over and intimately mix with the entering air, and at the same time, rising -to the roof, it meets the projected Vbricks 4, 5, and 6, or theirl equivalent, and the heat-wave is deflected downward upon the charge in the' bowl of the furnace, which is rapidly heated, and is brought to nature by rabbles in the-usual manner. f When a tierce heat is desired, the intensity of the blast is increased by reducing the exit-opening in the tuyerenose, and when it is desired to cool on' the furnace the lip or valve is moved to give the maximum opening to the tuyere-nose. Intermediate effects are produced by giving intermediate positions to the lip or valve. g

I am aware that locomotive and other fireboxes have been constructed with the top of the tire bridge overhanging the fire, and that ablast has been introduced above the tire, as

"well as into the ash-pit under it, and also at` vother points. VI do not claim these features,

broadly. v

What I claim is l 1. In apuddlingorheating furnace, the combination of a fire-bridge provided with a projection at the top overhanging the tire, aprojection depending from the roof of the furnace -behind the bridge, and a slanting aperture in the furnace-wall, lthrough which a blast may `be directed to strike the burning gases ofthe `fire immediately belowthe projecting top of fire-bridge, substantially as and for the pur- 1 pose set forth.- v

2. In a paddling-or heating furuace,the comofrcourses of firebricks, each projecting over the course beneath it and over the fire,aseries of courses of fire-brick depending from the roof of the furnace behind the bridge,eacli successive rearward course depending lower than those toward thebridge, anda slanting aperture in the furnacewall,through which a blast may be directed to strikethe burning gases of the fire izo :bination of a fire-bridge provided with aseries limmediately below the projecting top of the fire-bridge, substantially as and for the pur pose set forth'.

3. In apuddling or heating Furnace, the combination of a tire-bridge provided with aprojection at the top overhanging the re, aprojection depending from the roof of the furnace 5 behind the bridge, a slant'ing aperture in the furnace-walLthrough which a blast may be directed to strike the burning gases of the re immediately below the'projecting top of the re-bridge, and a blast-receiving box provided 1o with aregulating-valve sec'=` a L., the `Juter wall of the furnace, infront ofthe said aperture, substantially as and for thepurpose set forth.

4. In combination with n heating or pud- 15 dling furnace provided with t-he blast-aper- THOMAS F. HEMMICK.

Witnesses: l JAMES R. KENNEY HORACE D. BOONE.

Itis hereby certified that the name of the patentee in Letters Patent No. 371,454, granted October 11, 1887, for an improvement in Paddling and Heating Furnaces, was erroneously written and printed Thomas F. Hemmick that said name should have been Written and printed Thomas F. Hemmich; and that said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the casein the Patent Office. I

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 1st day of November, A. D. 1887.

D. L. HAWKINS, Acting Secretary of the Interior.

[SEAL] Countersigned BENTON J. HALL,

oommzss'ioner of Patents. 

